If the question starts with Do or Does, answer with do or does, not the main verb.
Do / Does questions
Do you like it? → Yes, I do.
Does she work here? → Yes, she does.
Do they play? → Yes, they do.
Not "Do you like it? → Yes, I like." — say "Do you like it? → Yes, I do.". Answer with the question's word (do), not the main verb.
Try it: Does Ethan work at the community center? → Yes, he ___. (does / do / works) Answer: does — The question used Does (he/she/it), so the answer matches it: Yes, he does (not "do" and not the main verb).
Am / Is / Are questions
If the question starts with Am, Is, or Are, answer with am, is, or are.
Are you happy? → Yes, I am.
Is she ready? → Yes, she is.
Are they here? → Yes, they are.
Not "Is she ready? → Yes, she ready." — say "Is she ready? → Yes, she is.". Answer with the question's word (is), don't drop it.
Try it: Are you ready? → Yes, I ___. (am / do / are) Answer: am — The question used Are, and with I the matching form is am: Yes, I am (not "do", not "are").
Can questions
If the question starts with Can, answer with can.
Can you swim? → Yes, I can.
Can she drive? → Yes, she can.
Can they help? → Yes, they can.
Not "Can you swim? → Yes, I swim." — say "Can you swim? → Yes, I can.". Answer with can, not the main verb.
Try it: Can Hiroshi fix it? → Yes, he ___. (can / does / fixes) Answer: can — The question used Can, so the answer is can: Yes, he can (not "does" and not the main verb).
Saying no
To say no, use the short word + n't: don't / doesn't, isn't / aren't, can't. With I, say I'm not.
Do they play? → No, they don't.
Does she work here? → No, she doesn't.
Is she ready? → No, she isn't.
Are they here? → No, they aren't.
Are you tired? → No, I'm not.
Can he swim? → No, he can't.
Not "Can she drive? → No, she doesn't." — say "Can she drive? → No, she can't.". The no-answer still matches the question, Can → can't.
Try it: Can Mateo come tonight? → No, he ___. (can't / doesn't / isn't) Answer: can't — The question used Can, so the no-answer matches it: No, he can't (not "doesn't" or "isn't").
Try it: Are you tired? → No, I'm ___. (not / aren't / don't) Answer: not — The question used Are you, so the answer switches to I. The no-answer with I is I'm not (not "aren't", not "don't").
Try it: Match the question. Can Sofia swim? → Yes, she ___. (can / does / is) Answer: can — Always answer with the same kind of word the question used. It started with Can, so: Yes, she can.