وقتی یه کاری توی یه زمانِ گذشته در جریان بود، از was یا were + فعلِ -ing دار استفاده کن. با I، he، she و it از was استفاده کن. با you، we و they از were.
was / were + -ing: در حالِ انجام
At seven o'clock, I was eating dinner.
They were sitting in the garden.
Not "They was sitting in the garden." — say "They were sitting in the garden.". با they از were استفاده کن.
خودت امتحان کن: Ira: Who was in the school gym at eight? Amina: Some students. They ___ basketball. حرفِ Amina رو انتخاب کن. (were reading / were playing / was swim) جواب: were playing — ساعتِ هشت بسکتبال در جریان بود، و با they از were استفاده می‌کنی: were playing.
منفی و سؤال
برای منفی، از wasn't یا weren't + -ing استفاده کن. برای سؤال، Was یا Were رو اول بذار: Were you sleeping؟
I wasn't listening.
Were you sleeping?
Not "Did you sleeping?" — say "Were you sleeping?". با Was یا Were بپرس، نه did.
خودت امتحان کن: Ira: Did you see the new painting in the hall? Amina: No, I ___. I was talking to the teacher. حرفِ Amina رو انتخاب کن. (wasn't looking / wasn't talking / didn't watching) جواب: wasn't looking — Amina داشت حرف می‌زد، پس حواسش به نقاشی نبود: wasn't looking.
break → broke، fall → fell، hurt → hurt. drop و spill فقط -ed می‌گیرن: dropped (p رو دو بار بنویس)، spilled.
He fell in the park.
The window broke.
She spilled the soup.
Not "He falled in the park." — say "He fell in the park.". fall گذشته‌ی خودش رو داره: fell.
خودت امتحان کن: Ira: Where's your blue cup? Amina: I dropped it, and it ___. حرفِ Amina رو انتخاب کن. (hurt / falled / broke) جواب: broke — لیوان بعد از اینکه خورد زمین از بین رفت، پس شکست: broke. گذشته‌ی break می‌شه broke.
کارِ بلند و کارِ کوتاه
برای کارِ بلند از was / were + -ing استفاده کن. برای کارِ کوتاهی که وسطش اتفاق افتاد از فرمِ گذشته.
She was running when she fell.
خودت امتحان کن: Ira: Is the art room clean now? Amina: No. I ___ it when you came in, so I stopped. حرفِ Amina رو انتخاب کن. (was cleaning / cleaned / was cooking) جواب: was cleaning — وقتی Ira اومد تو، Amina وسطِ تمیزکاری دست کشید، پس was cleaning.
while + بلند، when + کوتاه
while رو قبل از کارِ بلند بذار: while I was waiting. when رو قبل از کارِ کوتاه بذار: when I saw him.
While I was waiting for the bus, I saw an old friend.
I was waiting for the bus when I saw an old friend.
خودت امتحان کن: Ira: Where did you lose your umbrella? Amina: I lost it ___ I was walking home. حرفِ Amina رو انتخاب کن. (then / while / finally) جواب: while — پیاده رفتن به خونه کارِ بلنده، و while قبل از کارِ بلند میاد.
first، then، after that، finally: ترتیبِ اتفاق‌ها
برای اینکه بگی اتفاق‌ها به چه ترتیبی افتادن، از first، then، after that و برای آخرین کار از finally استفاده کن.
First we bought tickets. Then we found our seats. After that, we saw a movie. Finally, we had pizza.
خودت امتحان کن: Ira: How was your Saturday? Amina: Busy! I went to class, then I studied, and after that I cooked. ___, I went to bed. حرفِ Amina رو انتخاب کن. (Finally / First / While) جواب: Finally — خوابیدن آخرین کار بود، پس Finally.