برای اینکه یه جمله رو به سؤالِ بله/نه تبدیل کنی، فعل be میپره اولِ اولِ جمله.
فعل be رو ببر جلو
You are tired. → Are you tired?
She is here. → Is she here?
They are ready. → Are they ready?
Not "You are tired? (this is still a statement)" — say "Are you tired? (now it asks)". همین جابهجایی جمله رو سؤالی میکنه: فعل be رو ببر جلو.
خودت امتحان کن: You are tired. این رو سؤالی کن. جواب: Are you tired? — برای سؤالِ بله/نه، فعل be میپره جلو: Are you tired? «You are tired?» هنوز یه جملهی خبریه؛ همین جابهجاییه که جمله رو سؤالی میکنه.
با کلمهی سؤالی شروع کن
برای یه سؤالِ where / what / who با be، کلمهی سؤالی اول میآد، بعد فعل be. هر کلمهی سؤالی دربارهی یه چیز میپرسه: where دربارهی جا میپرسه، what دربارهی چیز، who دربارهی آدم.
Amina is at home. → Where is Amina?
This is a cat. → What is this?
She is happy. → Who is happy?
Not "Where Amina is? (this is the statement order)" — say "Where is Amina? (question word first, then is)". کلمهی سؤالی رو اول بذار، بعد is رو ببر جلوی اسم.
خودت امتحان کن: Amina is somewhere. بپرس Amina کجاست. جواب: Where is Amina? — توی سؤال، is قبل از Amina میآد: Where is Amina? «Where Amina is» ترتیبِ یه جملهی خبریه.
Where is Amina? — She is at home.
What is this? — It is a cat.
Who is happy? — Amina is happy.
Where — asks about a place
What — asks about a thing
Who — asks about a person
پرسیدن دربارهی کاری که آدمها میکنن
برای پرسیدن اینکه یکی چی کار میکنه، با کلمهی سؤالی شروع کن، بعد do یا does، بعد فعلِ ساده. برای he, she, it از does؛ برای you, we, they از do استفاده کن. کلمهی سؤالی میتونه where (جا)، what (چیز)، یا when (زمان) باشه.
Amina lives somewhere. → Where does Amina live?
They live somewhere. → Where do they live?
Mei likes something. → What does Mei like?
Mei reads at some time. → When does Mei read?
Not "Where Amina lives? (this is the statement order)" — say "Where does Amina live? (with does, the action word is plain)". بعد از does، کلمهی ساده رو به کار ببر: live، نه «lives».
فعل be یا فعل معمولی؟
اول به جمله نگاه کن. اگه از قبل is / are / am داره، اون فعل be رو ببر اول: She is happy. → Is she happy? اگه یه فعل معمولی مثل work, live, read داره، از do یا does استفاده کن: She works. → Does she work?
She is happy. → Is she happy? (has is)
She works. → Does she work? (has an action word)
They are ready. → Are they ready? (has are)
They live here. → Do they live here? (has an action word)
Not "Is she work? (there is no be-word in "She works")" — say "Does she work? (an action word needs does)". جمله is / are / am نداره؟ پس از do یا does استفاده کن، نه فعل be.
خودت امتحان کن: Make "She works." a question. Which one is correct? (Does she work? / Is she work? / Do she work?) جواب: Does she work? — «She works» یه فعل معمولی داره و is / are / am نداره، پس از does استفاده کن: Does she work? «Is she work?» دنبال یه فعل be میگرده که توی جمله نیست، و «Do she work?» برای she باید does باشه.
خودت امتحان کن: Make "She is happy." a question. Which one is correct? (Is she happy? / Does she happy? / Does she be happy?) جواب: Is she happy? — «She is happy» از قبل فعل be یعنی is رو داره، پس ببرش اول: Is she happy? اینجا فعل معمولی نیست، پس does جایی نداره.
خودت امتحان کن: Amina lives somewhere. بپرس Amina کجا زندگی میکنه. جواب: Where does Amina live? — با Where شروع کن، بعد does، بعد کلمهی سادهی live: Where does Amina live? با does جلوش، فعل ساده میمونه.
خودت امتحان کن: They live somewhere. بپرس اونا کجا زندگی میکنن. جواب: Where do they live? — با they از do استفاده کن (نه does): Where do they live? does رو برای he, she, it نگه دار. بعد از هر دو، فعل ساده میمونه.
خودت امتحان کن: Mei reads at some time. بپرس Mei کِی میخونه. جواب: When does Mei read? — با When شروع کن، بعد does، بعد کلمهی سادهی read: When does Mei read? با does جلوش، فعل ساده میمونه.