Um in der Vergangenheit Nein zu sagen, nimmst du didn't und das Verb in der Grundform. Das didn't zeigt die Vergangenheit schon an, also geht das Verb zurück in die Grundform.
didn't + Grundform
She worked. → She didn't work.
I went. → I didn't go.
They saw it. → They didn't see it.
Not "I didn't went." — say "I didn't go.". Die Vergangenheit steckt schon in didn't, also geht das Verb zurück in die Grundform: go, nicht went.
Probier es: She ___ to work yesterday. (didn't go / didn't went / didn't goed) Antwort: didn't go — Nach didn't geht das Verb zurück in die Grundform: didn't go. „went“ und „goed“ wollen beide noch einmal die Vergangenheit markieren, aber das macht didn't ja schon.
Did + Grundform (Fragen)
Wenn du nach der Vergangenheit fragst, stellst du Did an den Anfang und nimmst das Verb in der Grundform. Gleiches Prinzip: Did trägt die Vergangenheit, also bleibt das Verb in der Grundform.
She worked here. → Did she work here?
You went out. → Did you go out?
They saw you. → Did they see you?
Not "Did you went out?" — say "Did you go out?". Did zeigt schon die Vergangenheit, also geht das Verb zurück in die Grundform: go, nicht went.
Probier es: Mei went to the party. Frage, ob Mei zur Party gegangen ist. Antwort: Did Mei go to the party? — Fang mit Did an, dann die Person, dann das Verb in der Grundform: Did Mei go to the party? Lass „went“ weg. Did trägt schon die Vergangenheit, also geht das Verb zurück zu go.
Probier es: Lars saw the email. Frage, ob Lars die E-Mail gesehen hat. Antwort: Did Lars see the email? — Did kommt zuerst, dann Lars, dann das Verb in der Grundform: Did Lars see the email? Lass „saw“ weg. Die Vergangenheit steckt schon in Did, also heißt das Verb see.
Kurzantworten: Yes, I did
Um auf eine Did-Frage zu antworten, nimmst du did alleine, nicht das Hauptverb: Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
Did you go? → Yes, I did.
Did she call? → No, she didn't.
Did they win? → Yes, they did.
Not "Did you go? → Yes, I went." — say "Did you go? → Yes, I did.". Antworte mit dem Hilfsverb aus der Frage (did), nicht mit dem Hauptverb.
Probier es: Did Mei enjoy the trip? → Yes, she ___. (did / does / enjoyed) Antwort: did — In der Frage stand Did (Vergangenheit), also passt die Antwort dazu: Yes, she did (nicht „does“ und nicht das Hauptverb).
Probier es: ___ you like the film? (Did / Do / Was) Antwort: Did — Um nach der Vergangenheit zu fragen, fang mit Did an. „Do“ fragt nach der Gegenwart; „Was“ braucht ein beschreibendes Wort, keine Handlung wie „like“.
Probier es: Remember where the past lives. He didn't ___ me. (see / saw / seen) Antwort: see — Die Vergangenheit steckt in didn't, also geht das Verb zurück in die Grundform: didn't see. (Nach Did oder didn't kommt immer die Grundform.)