This, That, These, Those (A1)

一个 离你 近 的东西，用 this。

this = 近 + 一个

• This is my book.
• This pen is blue.
• What is this?
• Not "These is my phone." — say "This is my phone.". 一个东西 → this（搭配 is），不是 these。
• 试一试: ___ is my phone. (one thing, in my hand) (This / These / That) 答案: This — 一个东西，而且离你很近 → this。"These" 是多个的时候用；"that" 是远的时候用。所以是：This is my phone.

that = 远 + 一个

一个 离你 远 的东西，用 that。

• That is your car.
• That building is tall.
• I want that cookie.
• Not "This is your car. (it is far away)" — say "That is your car.". 只要离得远 → 用 that，哪怕只是一个东西。
• 试一试: ___ tree over there is big. (That / This / Those) 答案: That — 一棵树，离你很远 → that。"This" 会表示它离得近；"those" 会表示是多个。所以是：That tree.

these = 近 + 多个

多个离你近的东西，用 these（也就是 this 的复数）。

• These are my keys.
• I like these flowers.
• Try these shoes.
• Not "This are my books." — say "These are my books.". 多个东西 → these（搭配 are），不是 this。
• 试一试: ___ are my keys. (right here in my hand) (These / This / Those) 答案: These — 多个东西，而且离你很近 → these。"This" 是一个的时候用；"those" 是远的时候用。所以是：These are my keys.

those = 远 + 多个

多个离你远的东西，用 those（也就是 that 的复数）。

• Those houses are old.
• Look at those birds.
• Those are my friends.
• Not "That houses are old." — say "Those houses are old.". 多个东西又离得远 → 用 those，不是 that。
• 试一试: ___ dogs across the street are big. (Those / That / These) 答案: Those — 多只狗，离得很远 → those。"That" 是一个的时候用；"these" 会表示离得近。所以是：Those dogs.
• 试一试: Remember: one or many? ___ are my friends, over there by the door. (Those / That / These) 答案: Those — "Are" 告诉你是多个，所以一定是 these 或 those。"Over there" 告诉你离得远，所以是：Those are my friends.

常见错误有哪些？

错误	正确	原因
These is my phone.	This is my phone.	一个东西 → this（搭配 is），不是 these。
This is your car. (it is far away)	That is your car.	只要离得远 → 用 that，哪怕只是一个东西。
This are my books.	These are my books.	多个东西 → these（搭配 are），不是 this。
That houses are old.	Those houses are old.	多个东西又离得远 → 用 those，不是 that。