과거의 어느 때에 하고 있던 동작에는 was나 were + -ing 동사를 써요. I, he, she, it에는 was, you, we, they에는 were를 써요.
과거진행형: was / were + -ing
At seven o'clock, I was eating dinner.
They were sitting in the garden.
Not "They was sitting in the garden." — say "They were sitting in the garden.". they에는 were를 써요.
해 보세요: Ira: Who was in the school gym at eight? Amina: Some students. They ___ basketball. Amina가 하는 말을 골라 보세요. (were reading / were playing / was swim) 정답: were playing — 8시에 농구를 하고 있었고, they에는 were를 쓰니까 were playing이에요.
부정문과 의문문
'아니다'라고 할 때는 wasn't나 weren't + -ing를 써요. 물을 때는 Was나 Were를 앞에 둬요: Were you sleeping?
I wasn't listening.
Were you sleeping?
Not "Did you sleeping?" — say "Were you sleeping?". 물을 때는 did가 아니라 Was나 Were를 써요.
해 보세요: Ira: Did you see the new painting in the hall? Amina: No, I ___. I was talking to the teacher. Amina가 하는 말을 골라 보세요. (wasn't looking / wasn't talking / didn't watching) 정답: wasn't looking — Amina는 이야기하고 있어서 그림을 보고 있지 않았으니까 wasn't looking이에요.
과거형: broke, fell, hurt, dropped, spilled
break → broke, fall → fell, hurt → hurt예요. drop과 spill은 -ed만 붙여요: dropped(p를 두 번 써요), spilled.
He fell in the park.
The window broke.
She spilled the soup.
Not "He falled in the park." — say "He fell in the park.". fall은 과거형이 따로 있어요: fell.
해 보세요: Ira: Where's your blue cup? Amina: I dropped it, and it ___. Amina가 하는 말을 골라 보세요. (hurt / falled / broke) 정답: broke — 컵이 바닥에 떨어져서 못 쓰게 됐으니까 broke예요. break의 과거형은 broke예요.
길게 이어진 동작과 짧은 순간의 동작
길게 이어진 동작에는 was / were + -ing를 써요. 그 중간에 일어난 짧은 동작에는 과거형을 써요.
She was running when she fell.
해 보세요: Ira: Is the art room clean now? Amina: No. I ___ it when you came in, so I stopped. Amina가 하는 말을 골라 보세요. (was cleaning / cleaned / was cooking) 정답: was cleaning — Ira가 들어왔을 때 Amina는 청소하던 중에 멈췄으니까 was cleaning이에요.
while + 긴 동작, when + 짧은 동작
긴 동작 앞에는 while을 써요: while I was waiting. 짧은 동작 앞에는 when을 써요: when I saw him.
While I was waiting for the bus, I saw an old friend.
I was waiting for the bus when I saw an old friend.
해 보세요: Ira: Where did you lose your umbrella? Amina: I lost it ___ I was walking home. Amina가 하는 말을 골라 보세요. (then / while / finally) 정답: while — 집에 걸어가는 건 긴 동작이고, 긴 동작 앞에는 while을 써요.
순서 말하기: first, then, after that, finally
일어난 일을 순서대로 말할 때는 first, then, after that을 쓰고, 마지막 일에는 finally를 써요.
First we bought tickets. Then we found our seats. After that, we saw a movie. Finally, we had pizza.
해 보세요: Ira: How was your Saturday? Amina: Busy! I went to class, then I studied, and after that I cooked. ___, I went to bed. Amina가 하는 말을 골라 보세요. (Finally / First / While) 정답: Finally — 잠자리에 든 게 마지막 일이니까 Finally예요.