이 동사들은 -ed를 붙이지 않고 형태가 바뀌어요. 잘 기억해 두세요: go → went · come → came · see → saw.
go, come, see
Yesterday Amina went to school.
Hiroshi came late.
I saw a film last night.
Not "Yesterday Amina goed to school." — say "Yesterday Amina went to school.". "goed"라는 말은 없어요. go의 과거형은 새로운 단어인 went예요.
해 보세요: Yesterday Amina ___ to school. (went / goed / go) 정답: went — Go는 불규칙 동사예요. 과거형은 새로운 단어인 went예요. "goed"라는 말은 없고, "go"는 현재 시제예요.
have, do, make
세 개 더 알아볼까요? have → had · do → did · make → made.
They had lunch at the cafe.
Sofia did her homework.
Camila made a cake.
Not "Camila maked a cake." — say "Camila made a cake.". "maked"라는 말은 없어요. make의 과거형은 made예요.
해 보세요: Camila ___ a cake yesterday. (made / maked / makes) 정답: made — Make는 불규칙 동사예요. 과거형은 made예요. "maked"라는 말은 없고, "makes"는 현재 시제예요.
eat, drink, take
자주 쓰이는 세 가지예요: eat → ate · drink → drank · take → took.
Hiroshi ate breakfast at home.
Amina drank some water.
Lars took the metro.
Not "Hiroshi eated breakfast." — say "Hiroshi ate breakfast.". "eated"라는 말은 없어요. eat의 과거형은 ate예요.
해 보세요: Lars ___ the metro this morning. (took / taked / take) 정답: took — Take는 불규칙 동사예요. 과거형은 took이에요. "taked"라는 말은 없고, "take"는 현재 시제예요.
누구에게나 같은 형태
과거형은 주어에 상관없이 형태가 같고, 절대 -s를 붙이지 않아요. I went, she went, they went처럼 써요.
I went home.
She went home.
They went home.
Not "She wents home." — say "She went home.". 과거형은 누구에게나 똑같아요. 절대 -s를 붙이지 마세요.
해 보세요: She ___ home after class. (went / wents / goed) 정답: went — 과거형은 주어에 상관없이 똑같고, -s를 붙이지 않아요. "wents"가 아니라 she went예요.
부정문: didn't + 동사원형
not을 나타낼 때는 didn't + 동사원형을 써요. didn't 뒤에는 동사가 원래 형태로 돌아오며, 과거형을 쓰지 않아요.
I didn't go to school.
She didn't see the film.
They didn't have lunch.
Not "I didn't went to school." — say "I didn't go to school.". Didn't가 이미 과거임을 나타내므로, 동사는 "went"가 아니라 go로 돌아와요.
해 보세요: She ___ the film. (didn't see / didn't saw / don't see) 정답: didn't see — Didn't가 이미 과거임을 나타내므로 동사는 원형을 써요. ("didn't saw"가 아니라) didn't see예요.
질문: Did + 동사원형
질문할 때는 Did로 시작하고 뒤에 동사원형을 써요. Did 뒤에는 과거형을 쓰지 않아요.
Did you go to school?
Did she see the film?
Did they have lunch?
Not "Did you went to school?" — say "Did you go to school?". Did가 이미 과거임을 나타내므로 동사는 "went"가 아니라 go 그대로 써요.
해 보세요: ___ Hiroshi see the film? (Did / Does / Was) 정답: Did — 과거에 대해 질문할 때는 Did로 시작하고 동사원형을 써요. Did Hiroshi see?처럼 써요. (Does는 현재 시제이고, Was는 일반동사가 필요 없을 때 써요.)
해 보세요: Remember what follows didn't, They ___ lunch. (didn't have / didn't had / didn't haved) 정답: didn't have — did나 didn't 뒤에는 항상 동사원형을 써요. 그래서 didn't have가 돼요. (didn't가 이미 과거를 나타내고 있어요.)